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CNC machine tool geometric error single-axis and fivetimes measurement and identify method
Published:2024-01-29 author:JI Zeping, TIAN Chunmiao, GUO Shijie, et al. Browse: 1336 Check PDF documents
CNC machine tool geometric error single-axis and five-times measurement 
and identify method


JI Zeping1, TIAN Chunmiao1,GUO Shijie1,2,TANG Shufeng1,2, LAN Yuezheng1,2

(1.School of Mechanical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Huhhot 010051, China; 2.Inner Mongolia Key 
Laboratory of Special Service Intelligent Robotics, Huhhot 010051, China)


Abstract: To address the accurate measurement and identification issues of geometric error items in computer numerical control (CNC)machine tools, a single-axis and five-times measurement method based on the laser interferometer for machine tool spatial geometric error was proposed. Firstly, individual measurement lines were established for the X, Y, and Z axes. On these three delineated lines, the other 15 geometric errors, excluding the roll error, were measured meticulously, amounting to a total of fifteen measurements. Then, the coupling effects of angle errors on straightness errors and the influence of straightness errors on positioning errors were scrutinized and analyzed. To achieve this, error identification equations were established, and these complexities and interactions was considered to ensure that the identified errors were representative of the actual machine tool performance. Finally, the 21 geometric errors of the machine tool were ascertained by employing the error identification equations. The measurement and identification experiments based on the single-axis and five-times measurement method were compared with the identification results of the spatial nine-line method. The research results show that the maximum deviation of the spatial error vector between the measurement identification results of the single-axis and five-times measurement method and the spatial nine-line method is 1.93μm, while the average deviation is 0.58μm. It is proved that the single axis five times measurement method is accurate and effective. This method considers the error coupling in the actual measurement process. Comparing to the spatial nine-line method, the number of measurement lines and measurement times were reduced by this method, and the process of solving the error term was simplified. By adopting a single axis motion method, the impact of other axes on the current motion axis error was effectively avoided.

Key words: computer numerical control(CNC) machine tool; laser interferometer; spatial geometric error; single-axis and five-times measurement method; error coupling; error identification
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